“The Wobblies—Setting the Record Straight About Syndicalism”

This documentary evoked a complex array of emotional and intellectual reactions in me. I left the theater feeling like the world hasn’t changed much in the last 100 years in some very basic and fundamental ways. The same distinction between the haves and the have-nots still prevails as the fundamental order. In fact, I think that the situation is much worse because the stakes are much higher. Now governments and multinational corporations have the power through technology to destroy the entire planet in their quest for greater power, riches, and control. This country was founded on certain principles that the Wobblies believed in namely free speech, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. However, the Wobblies are presented as criminals in the opening sequence of this documentary, because that is how they were perceived by the general public due to efforts by the media to vilify them through the use of political cartoons and slogans. Although the Wobblies struggles didn’t necessarily result in their own immediate happiness (many of the individuals interviewed recounted how they were inhumanely treated by people in positions of power), it paved the way for future generations to better pursue the American dream of equality. The IWW and the Wobblies represented an important movement in American history—the labor movement. What shocked me most of all, in the films portrayal of historical events, was how quickly the Bill of Rights could be dismissed by our government and that the Wobblies could be treated with such disregard in the political, social, and economic climate of the time. It seems clear to me that the intention of this documentary is to construct sympathy for the ideas represented by the IWW and to clarify long held misconceptions about this noble organization. The main question this documentary challenged me to consider is whether or not the dream of equality is attainable now, or ever given how firmly entrenched the ruling class has become.

There were many original ideas credited to the IWW in the beginning of the film. We meet Big Bill Haywood (one of the founding leaders of the IWW and chief orator) and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn (female activist and organizer who was attracted to the communist party) through the use archival images and dramatic vocal reenactments. We also meet Roger Baldwin, a former Wobblie and founder of the ACLU. He serves as the main narrator in the film. The IWW believed that workers shouldn’t be divided by specialty, they believed in one big union. They also tried to eliminate class distinctions based on gender, race, and external markers of class (wealth). We are told by the film that the IWW wanted to abolish the wage system and believed that working for wages was tantamount to slavery. Their idea that an international brotherhood of men and women from all possible races and nationalities could become as one huge extended family is not new. Many cultures and civilizations that preceded ours have dreamed, even hoped for such a reality to manifest on this earth, but usually the fulfillment of this dream was reserved for some future afterlife where all wrongs are made right. The IWW conducted its affairs in a kind of messianic utopian manner that was almost religious in nature. They published a little red song book that we are told by one of the subjects was a collection of songs that unite and teach members about IWW ideals. Several of the songs from this book are carefully placed throughout the film and help to establish the mood. However not every Wobblie was convinced that their goals were attainable. Even one of the subjects from the documentary ventured to affirm that “It will never be real it’s only just a dream.”

Before seeing this documentary I had a negative idea of unions and union life. I had been a victim of the notion that such things were the ideas of communists and socialists. I had grown up believing that words like solidarity, collectivism, and anarchy were not American words or ideals. This documentary forced me to look into the faces and lives of people who reminded me of my own family’s struggle to belong to this country. My father was an immigrant from Ecuador and my mother was an Iowa farm girl. I have heard countless stories from my grandparents about the way things used to be in the old country. They always impressed upon me the idea that although America is not perfect it is the best place to live in the world. I was taught to conform and not rock the boat—to be a good citizen. But having grown up in Hollywood during the early 60’s and 70’s my own life experience had already motivated me to reevaluate all of my core beliefs by the time I came to live in Oregon sixteen years ago, and this documentary has fanned the flames of my discontent. I am not satisfied believing in the lie—the American ‘pipe’ dream.

In this documentary I saw many parallels between the world of the early 1900s and the world of today. I saw courageous men and women willing to die for what they believed in. Moving from east to west across the country and through a time frame from 1905 to 1922 we learned of the strikes they organized, how they stood on boxes in cities to be heard, and how they met with sometimes bloody resistance to their efforts to continue their syndicalism (I learned in class that this word means to organize around an idea, but my preconception of this word was negative). In one of the enactments in the film showing images from a rally I became aware that the IWW was extremely progressive for their time in that they counted women and people of color as part of their constituency. From Lawrence, Massachusetts to Everett, Washington we saw how the men and women struggled to bring about changes until they were all rounded up and put on trial for treason. I also saw images that foreshadowed how some human beings could behave towards other human beings much like the way the Nazis later did in Germany by forcing people to remain prisoners in railway boxcars under fear of death while they transported them to uncertain doom because these human beings did not fit into their new world order much the same way the Wobblies were forced into the desert with no water or food after a strike they organized in Arizona.

This documentary is a collage of elements that tells the story in many voices, and hearing the Wobblies speak about their experiences made me realize that they were everyday American people.  The IWW organizers and demonstrators from the documentary, and their struggles reminded me so much of the recent protests against the World Trade Organization WTO. The WTO seems to me to be the inheritors of former Barons of industry who have themselves organized into a collective, and through treaty and international administrative law seek to unite the world in one huge common market to increase their coffers while the IWW is like our modern day anarchist movement; the individuals who on face value are concerned with issues such as the environment and economic globalization. People then (in the time of the Wobblies) and now (environmentalists and anarchists) feel that their selfhood, identity, and right to self-determination are threatened. This is how our world has come full circle and we are once again faced with a similar dilemma—to rebel or not to rebel? How do we both force a change in the current order through networking (organizing) and peaceful demonstrations (striking), which are totally appropriate means to express democracy, and not be labeled terrorists or subversives (saboteurs)? How can modern day anarchists overcome the distorted image created by the media? Just like the image of the Wobblies was distorted through the creation by the Disney Company of an animation called “The Little Red Henski.”

In the time of the Wobblies, working class people were confronted with extremely low wages and poor working conditions. They had become “slaves” to the wage system and essentially did not know how to bring about a change in their situations. This film shows us how the IWW rose to prominence through the work of individuals inspired by the socio/political theorists of the time congregating in large numbers to bring about a general strike in which the wheels of commerce are brought to a screeching halt. We learn from their testimony that many of these disenfranchised citizens were unaware of the response the industrial Barons were willing to prosecute and on several occasions these citizens were thrust into violent confrontations with company and government paid enforcers as when the Wobblies were gunned down in Everett, Washington. The media, which are controlled primarily by these industrialists, were instrumental in swaying public opinion so much so that ‘taking direct action’ in the eyes of the public was tantamount to treason of the American Way and working class heroes were labeled violent communists. In fact this period of history resulted in the enactment of the Espionage and Sedition act in response to the actions taken by the IWW in response to the growing wave of unhappiness and poverty. How can we avoid violent confrontation with established authorities? These are some of the parallels I saw between the world of the Wobblies and our world today and these are the same questions that they faced then and we face now. The Wobblies fate was to be given savage sentences for standing up for constitutional principles. Only a few of them survived to tell the story.

This country was supposed to be of the people, by the people and for the people, but the reality that this documentary attempts to make us realize is that what we call a democracy is really an oligarchy. And that those individual families, those Barons of industry, who consolidated their wealth and power during the Industrial Revolution, did so while deluding the masses into believing in lies about the IWW and exploiting their fear and their hunger. This is how the IWW failed in its pursuits. They were unable to abolish the wage system, and they were unable to abolish capitalism. But they did bring about improved consideration for worker safety and they succeeded in getting the average work day reduced from 10 to 8 hours. I think the answer to coping with the ongoing struggle between labor and capital is simply to do what one of the subjects suggested that is to “consciously withdraw efficiency” in large scale demonstrations of solidarity. To continue to educate the masses in the ways of peaceful democratic activity and in so doing demonstrate to the world who are the real puppet masters pulling the strings of the new industrial revolution; the economic globalization of planet earth. Will this unification be for the good of all mankind or will the unification lead to the earths final plundering and its people’s eventual obliteration?